TUM Library

Cover; Half Tilte; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; Preface; 1: Introduction to Fullerene Nanowhiskers; 1.1 What Is a Fullerene Nanowhisker?; 1.2 The LLIP Method; 1.3 Properties and Applications of Fullerene Nanowhiskers; 1.4 Summary; 2: Growth, Structures, and Mechanical Properties of Fullerene Nanowhiskers; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Growth; 2.2.1 LLIP Method; 2.2.2 Photo-Assisted Growth; 2.3 Structure; 2.3.1 X-Ray Diffraction; 2.3.2 Raman Spectroscopy; 2.4 Mechanical Properties; 2.5 Conclusions; 3: Growth Study of C60 Fullerene Nanowhiskers Synthesized by the Dynamic LLIP Method

3.1 Introduction3.2 Temperature Effect on the Growth of C60FNWs; 3.3 Effect of the Solvent Ratio on the Growth of C60FNWs; 3.4 Effect of Water on the Growth of C60FNWs; 3.5 Effect of Bottle Size on the Growth of C60FNWs; 3.6 Summary; 4: Preparation and Characterization of Fullerene Derivatives and Their Nanowhiskers; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Synthesis of Fullerene Derivatives; 4.2.1 Malonic Acid Derivatives; 4.2.2 Pyrrolidine Derivatives; 4.2.3 Metal Complexes; 4.3 FNWs Containing Fullerene Derivatives; 4.3.1 Preparation of FNWs Containing Fullerene Derivatives

4.3.2 Properties of FNWs Containing Fullerene Derivatives4.4 Conclusion; 5: Interactions of Fullerene C60 in Pyridine Solutions; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Experimental; 5.2.1 C60-Pyridine Solutions Prepared at Different Temperatures; 5.2.2 C60-Pyridine Solutions Prepared with Water; 5.2.3 Ultraviolet Detection; 5.2.4 Chromatography Detection; 5.3 Temperature Effect on C60 Interactions in Pyridine; 5.4 Water Effect on C60 Interactions in Pyridine; 5.5 Water Effect on the Kinetics of C60-Pyridine Reaction; 5.6 Summary; 6: Morphological Controls of Fullerene Nanowhiskers and Nanotubes

6.1 Introduction6.2 Surface Modification of C60 Fullerene Nanowhiskers; 6.2.1 Synthesis Parameters; 6.2.2 Morphology; Pore Size, and Crystallinity; 6.2.3 Mechanism for the Intermolecular Interaction; 6.3 Diameter Control of Fullerene Nanotubes; 6.3.1 Synthesis Parameters; 6.3.2 Effect of Solvent and Solvent Ratio; 6.3.3 Effect of Photo-Irradiation; 6.3.4 Effect of Temperature; 6.4 Summary; 7: Fabrication, Characterization, Hybridization, and Assembly of C60 Fine Crystals; 7.1 C60 Fine Crystals of Unique Shapes and Controlled Size; 7.2 Hybridized C60 Fine Crystals

7.3 Assembled C60 Fine Crystals7.4 Conclusion; 8: In situ Transmission Electron Microscopy of Fullerene Nanowhiskers and Related Carbon Nanomaterials; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 In situ TEM in the Study of Nanomaterials; 8.3 Examples of Measurements; 8.3.1 Elastic Properties of FNWs; 8.3.2 Carbon Nanocapsules; 8.3.2.1 Formation; 8.3.2.2 Luminescence; 8.3.2.3 Conductance; 8.3.2.4 Mechanical properties; 8.3.2.5 In situ TEM of CNCs produced by other methods; 8.4 Conclusions and Outlook; 9: Surface Nanocharacterization of Fullerene Nanowhiskers; 9.1 Introduction

Fullerenes became a new member of carbon allotropes in addition to diamond and graphite after the discovery of C60 (carbon 60) by Kroto et al. in 1985. The model of C60 was first proposed by Osawa in 1970. C60 is a hollow spherical molecule composed of 60 carbon atoms that contains 12 five-membered rings and 20 six-membered rings and has the same structure as a soccer ball. In 2001, C60 fullerene nanowhiskers (FNWs), which are single-crystal nanowhiskers solely composed of C60 molecules, were discovered in a colloidal solution of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) with added C60. This book focuses on the synthesis of FNWs, fullerene nanotubes, and fullerene nanosheets and describes the structural, mechanical, semiconducting, and thermal properties, as well as bio-related and solar applications of FNWs and related fullerene nanomaterials.

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